Saturday, May 30, 2020

Business Ethics Across Cultures - Free Essay Example

Business Ethics Across Cultures Article Review The cultural differences with each individual international company begins with the business ethics or the ethical perspective of the company.   A huge barrier is language.   One must always consider the language barrier when dealing with international business ethics.  Ã‚   Business have developed an international code of ethics that have become a standard worldwide no matter what country or cultural that a company is dealing with.   This has helped businesses to make sure that every employee is following is following the same code of ethics and to keep the companies running ethically. Brazil and China are two countries that have had many articles written about their ethical perspectives.   An overview of the differences between American and Brazilian MBA graduate students ethical differences was included in these articles.. China believes that the key component in business dealings is communication, according to the article concerning the ethical perspectives of Brazil and China. Companies, both domestic and international employees must use communication with the completion of any business deal or transaction.   The Chinese base their ethical teachings off of Confuses.   This is one thing that sets them apart from other countries.   Confucius was a well-known educator, thinker and a political figure.   The foundation of the Chinese teachings have derived from him.   The way they Chinese perceive their education, and direction on the way one should live their life all come from the teachings of Confucius.   Confucius also gave the Chinese a recommendation on what form of government they should participate in and how they should interact with others on a daily basis. In Brazil they base their business ethics on utilitarianism.   This is sometimes known as collectivism.   In Brazil the moral value system is one of the national culture.   It is expected that a person or business will base its ethical decision making on an option that will be of a great benefit to their country and to the people within Brazil. Brazilian business professionals, when participating in a group discussion, will base their decision on what they think will benefit the group as a whole. Overlooking of unethical behaviors if it benefits its citizens is ok in Brazil.   In the US, America values achievement and they pride themselves on the success of individuals.   They look at it at as strong suit for the country.   An interesting fact that from the article was that Kellogg Coco Pops Cercal conformed their box labels to the Confucian ethics in a strategy to attract more Chinese customers.   This strategy was a successful one to say the least. To monitor dealings with these countries, one would have to do the following. It is evident from these articles that before partaking in any forging trade or business transactions it is necessary that business understand the business ethics and national cultural of the countries that they are going to be doing business with.   By doing this a business can avoid any ethical challenges that may occur within these dealings.   In China, Confucius teachings are the base of their economic decisions. While in Brazil their decisions are based on what is best for the country and the people of the country.   When doing business dealings with these two countries an ethic standard needs to be developed to avoid any conflict due to the ethic differences. Reference Beekun, R., Stedham, Y., Yamamura, J. (2003). Business ethics in Brazil and the U.S.: A comparative investigation. Retrieved on March 14, 2016, from https://www.business.unr.edu/faculty/beekun/Brazil%20JBE-%20pub.pdf Dragga, S. (1999). Ethical intercultural technical communication: Looking through the lens of Confucian ethics. Technical Communication Quarterly, Fall99, Vol. 8(4), 365-381. Retrieved on March 14, 2016, from EBSCOhost database.

Saturday, May 16, 2020

Treatment Of The Mentally Ill And The Prison System

In the Frontline presentation, â€Å"The New Asylums†, the program explored the lives in prison of several Ohio inmates. The presentation presented numerous distinct issues of the treatment of the mentally ill in the prison system. The most significant issues presented within the program were the medical treatment received both in and out of the prison system, factors that influence punishment, isolation and medication, the length of the sentencing the mentally ill receive, and why prisons seem to have become the new asylums. One of the most controversial issues regarding the mentally ill and the prison system is the medical treatment received. According to the film, â€Å"16% of the prison population in the state of Ohio, which reflects a national average, are persons who have been diagnosed with mental illness.† Prisons began as an institution designed to rehabilitate, however, a vast majority of prisons throughout the country do not provide adequate medical care for their mentally ill inmates. However, the prisons that do possess adequate health care are most likely the first instance in which the inmates with mental illness have received any sort of treatment in their entire life. People with chronic mental illness need constant supervision which they cannot get outside of prison. Although inmates does not receive the most extensive treatment, the treatment they do receive is well beyond the treatment they would have received had they stayed out of the criminal justice system.Show MoreRelatedMental Health Treatment Of Mentally Ill Essay1542 Words   |  7 Pagesinsufficient for the mentally ill population. Mentally ill individuals were send back to society despite of their prevailing circumstances. The lack of assistance made mentally ill individuals to commit a high percentage of crimes due to their state of mind. Mentally ill individuals who had committed crimes were being incarcerated instead of forcing them to receive mental health treatm ent. According to Schneider (2008) the percentage of mentally ill entering the Criminal Justice System has increased 10Read MoreThe Death Of Christopher Lopez918 Words   |  4 PagesA lawsuit has been filed over the death of Christopher Lopez who was a diagnosed mentally ill inmate. On March 17, 2013 Lopez died while incarcerated in the San Carlos Correctional Facility. Lopez died on a concrete floor struggling to breathe while guards watched through the food slot to his cell. The reality of it which is why this is beyond frustrating and unacceptable in America is because Lopez s was a schizophrenic. Lopez was given a psychotropic drug to deal with his schizophrenia. LopezRead MoreEssay Mentally Ill in Prison698 Words   |  3 Pagesfield about treatment of the mentally ill in the prison system. When a person with a mental illness commits a crime or break the law, they are immediately taken to jail or sent off to prison instead of being evaluated and placed in a hospital or othe r mental health facility. â€Å"I have always wondered if the number of mentally ill inmates increased since deinstitutionalization† Since prison main focus is on the crimes inmates are incarcerated; the actual treatment needed for the mentally ill is secondaryRead MoreMentally Ill Criminals : Punishment Vs. Treatment1524 Words   |  7 Pages2016 Mentally Ill Criminals : Punishment vs. Treatment When a mentally ill offender is brought before the court, the appointed judge has to make a difficult decision, determining whether treatment or punishment would be more effective in the case. Cases may differ, some may be more deliberate and perplexing while others are straightforward, but more research is needed for cases involving the mentally ill no matter how simple they may seem. Many factors are measured when a mentally ill criminalRead MoreThe Treatment Of The Mentally Ill1581 Words   |  7 Pagesdealing with the mentally ill by hiding those plagued, away in a prison cell to be forgotten. Despite the success of Dorothea Dix in solving the problems with adverse conditions in the prison system, we have come full circle and are currently back where we started over a century ago. There has been so much focus put on housing the mentally ill, we have all but forgotten about any type of treatment plans to help the overall growing problem. The handling of the mentally ill in th e prison system was on a collisionRead MoreEssay on Prisoners and The Development of Severe Mental Illness1375 Words   |  6 Pagesmental health treatment necessary. The lack of attention allocated to the sanity of prisoners with mental illness is a haunting reality given that these people eventually return to the free world following their time in prison. Due to the punitive tendencies of the prison system, prison will likely only exacerbate peoples preexisting mental illnesses, making them susceptible to recidivism, or further engaging in criminal behavior. This paper will examine the links between the prison system’s mentalityRead MoreThe Community Mental Health Centers Act Of 1963 Closed State Psychiatric Hospitals1191 Words   |  5 Pagesillness was viewed as a demonic possession or a religious punishment. In the 18th century, the attitudes towards mental illness were negative and persistent. This negativity leads to the stigmatization and confinement of those who we re mentally ill. The mentally ill were sent to mental hospitals that were unhealthy and dangerous. A push in the mid 1950s for deinstitutionalization began because of activists lobbying for change. Dorothea Dix was one of these activists that helped push for change. TheRead MorePolice Perceptions And Programs Like Crisis Intervention Teams1281 Words   |  6 Pageshave the most discretion when deciding what to do with mentally ill individuals who commit crimes. Mentally ill individuals are more likely to be arrested regardless of severeness or type of crime, then any other population. There have been several cases that suggest that police use of force with mentally ill individuals is different. This field of study is relatively new and there are few studies that examine use of force with the mentally ill. But, there are several pieces of evidence like policeRead MoreDorothy Dix Changed the Prison and Mental Health Systems1068 Words   |  4 Pagesdecided that the prison and menta l health systems could be improved to be kinder and more effective institutions. She saw a change to be complete in the world and made it her task to recreate the prison and mental health systems in a new and superior style. Throughout the years, prisons and mental health asylums have changed greatly, especially concerning unfair prison treatment, the reform movement, and today’s important impact. Before the reform movement, prisoners and the mentally ill were treatedRead MoreCrazy: a Fathers Search Through Americas Mental Healthy Madness - Annotated Bibliography864 Words   |  4 PagesPeriod Annotated Bibliography Doyle, Jim, and Peter Fimrite. Caring for Mentally Ill Criminals Outside of Prison Is Dangerous. Americas Prisons. Ed. Clare Hanrahan. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2006. Opposing Viewpoints. Rpt. from Criminally Insane Taking over State Hospitals. San Francisco Chronicle 22 July 2001. Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 26 Feb. 2013. In this article, the incarceration of the mentally ill is encouraged because it is safer than keeping them in mental institutions

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Jean Piaget And The Contemporary Field Of Child Development

In todays modern world there are hundreds of psychologists and theorists actively researching child development. However, if there was a God of child development it is, without question, Jean Piaget. Piaget (1896-1980) was a Swiss theorist who â€Å"had influenced the contemporary field of child development more than any other† (Berk, 2006, p.18). Although Piagets work is remarkable, Berk (2006) stated that â€Å"it did not get much attention until the 1960s, mainly because Piagets ideas were at odds with behaviorism, which dominated North American psychology in the mid-twentieth century† (p.18). Unlike popular opinion during his time, Jean Piaget was a cognitive developmental theorist who believed that â€Å"children act like scientists in creating†¦show more content†¦Piaget said that these building blocks become more numerous and elaborate as a child actively learns and grows older. Piagetian theory states that schemas are significant at a very early age wh en babies are learning how to move their bodies. Kail and Zolner (2014) further stated that â€Å"schemas are conceptual models that organize experience based on actions in infancy and abstract properties in adolescence† (p.150). Piaget’s image of the child was so different than the main ideas circulating at the time. He questioned some of the theories such as the idea that intelligence and development is inherited. Because of Piagets research he â€Å"convinced the field that children are active learners and his research is now widely used today† (Berk, 2006, p.19). It is evident why Piaget was, and is still, such an icon in child development. He believed that children’s minds are rich with knowledge and that children want to be active learners just as a scientist constantly want to figure things out. This image of the child makes Piaget a well respected person and looked up to in the world of child development. Piagetian theory of cognitive development includes four main stages. Sensorimotor stage is from birth to two years of age, preoperational stage is from ages two to seven, concrete operational stage is from seven to eleven years of age, and formal operational stage is from eleven years and on. During the preoperational, young children are able to think aboutShow MoreRelatedJean Piaget: Biography and Theory of Cognitive Development1601 Words   |  6 PagesPiagets Theory of Cognitive Development: Jean Piagets theory of cognitive development is a description of the four distinct stages of development of cognition in children. The theory was developed at a time when Piaget was employed at the Binet Institute in the 1920s in which his main responsibilities were to develop the French versions of questions on the English intelligence tests. During this period, Piaget became increasingly concerned or interested with the reasons children gave for theirRead MorePiaget And Vygotsky s Theories1008 Words   |  5 PagesComparing Piaget and Vygotsky Bruner (2015) discusses a time of great change in the world of psychology in Germany, America, and in Britain through contributions of several â€Å"new heroes [that] were much more holistic, much less reductionist†¦the worldwide major figures in the field of developmental psychology were now Lev Vygotsky and Jean Piaget†. Lourenà §o (2012) reiterated the importance of Piaget and Vygotsky as two influential developmental psychologists and added that â€Å"their contributions toRead MoreEssay on Examining Educational Theorists and Current Practice Today1839 Words   |  8 PagesExamining Educational Theorists and Current Practice Today Abstract This paper names three educational theorists, Benjamin Bloom, Jean Piaget, and Lev Vygotsky, and seeks to examine their most well-known theories. These are namely, Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Piaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development, and Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development. Each theory is briefly explained and then compared and contrasted with the other theories. Lastly, the author reflects on the practicalRead MoreDevelopment Of A Child s Social And Emotional Development1377 Words   |  6 Pagesof child development there have been many scientific studies which have formed our understanding of children’s social and emotional development, within this essay I am going to look at some of the theses developmental theories and how they have impacted modern day society in understanding the development of a child’s social and emotional development. Development is the pattern of change that begins at conception and continues through the lifespan (Santrock, 2008, p.5) Emotional development is theRead MoreA Look Into the Past: Jean Piagets Life and Work Essay2990 Words   |  12 Pagespresent an over view of Jean Piaget’s life. It will focus on details of his personal life, his contributions to psychology, his historical development, and his present contributions to his career. Jean Piaget’s research in developmental psychology and genetic epistemology answered the question: How does knowledge grow? Piaget’s findings have been and continue to be an inspiration to fields like psychology, sociology, education, epistemology, economics and law. Jean Piaget was born on August 9Read MoreThe Explanation of Vygotsky and Piaget’s Theories Essay2257 Words   |  10 Pagesof Vygotsky and Jean Piagets work during their lifetimes and deaths. Many of their theories have gone beyond what I am sure that they had expected for them too. Teachers, researchers and parents dabble in their theories of child development, social development and other theories when going about their lives. Whether it is a job or parenting it is a must to know about these two philosophers and what they believed to be real. Piaget is said to be the founder of cognitive development, he has changedRead MoreEssay about Jean Piaget: The Man Behind the Lab Coat4555 Words   |  19 PagesJean Piaget: The Man Behind the Lab Coat Jean Piagets legacy is one that has affected a wide disparity of disciplines. Commonly acknowledged as one of the foremost psychologists of the 20th century, certainly the premiere child developmental psychologist, Piaget preferred to be referred to as a genetic epistemologist. This is because he identified child psychology as being limited to merely the study of the child, whereas his main focus was the study of the origins, characteristics, and limitationsRead MoreEducational Technology Theories and Theorists Essay1150 Words   |  5 Pagestechnologies. Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Learning Jean Piaget is renowned for constructing a highly influential model of child development and learning. Piaget’s cognitive learning theory is based on the idea that the developing child builds cognitive structures for understanding and responding to physical experiences within his or her environment. Piaget further demonstrated that a child’s cognitive structure increases in sophistication with development, moving from a few innate reflexes such as cryingRead MoreChild Development By John W.867 Words   |  4 PagesChild Development by John W Santrock Child Development is a well organised and user friendly pedagogical book. Santrock says, â€Å"This book is about children’s development – its universal features, its individual variations, its nature at the beginning of the twenty-first century.† John Santrock’s Child Development is probably the most up to date, well researched and therefore the most accurate book in its field. Now in its fourteenth edition it has certainly stood the test of time considering itRead MoreReflective Reflection Of Reflective Practice1896 Words   |  8 Pagesimportant figures in the field of reflective learning/practice. A key thing to note is that not all of the scholars who have contributed to the field are specialist in education this shows how important reflective practice is to the development of knowledge. This is a brief history of the development of reflective practice now we will discuss some important, related concepts in detail. Cognitive development of Jean Piaget Jean Piaget s theory on cognitive development plays a huge role in the theory

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Martin Luther King Jrs Most Effectual Appeal in t Essay Example For Students

Martin Luther King Jr?s Most Effectual Appeal in t Essay he After the Birmingham, Alabama newspaper published The Public Statement by Eight Alabama Clergymen calling Martin Luther King Jr.s activities unwise and untimely, King wrote a response back from jail arguing each point the clergymen had made in their Public Statement. In the Letter from Birmingham Jail, King points out that he is not an outsider since the people of Birmingham invited him and that since they are all within the United States, nobody should be even considered an outsider. Being a fighter of injustice, King says, he sought to negotiate with the white community of Birmingham, but they refused to comply. Then, he illustrates to them that the tension amongst the groups is many times good because it leads to action and negotiation. He further explains that calling the actions of Negroes unwise and untimely is denying them justice, which they have been waiting for too long. Moreover, King explains that laws can be just and unjust, and that he will only obey just laws that agree with the moral code and disobey laws that do not unlike the white churches, which permit prejudice and hate even though they should preach brotherhood and love. Lastly, King points out that Negroes will win their freedom in the end because it is their right and Gods will. To argue his points in the Letter King uses each of the three rhetorical appeals: ethos, pathos, and logos. In this essay, I will try to prove that one appeal is more effective than the rest, but first in order to help one understand what these appeals mean, I will use Arthur Quinns definitions of what the three appeals entail. The first appeal, the ethos, tries to persuade an audience to agree with an argument by using the reputation and character of the speaker or writer. For instance, a well-liked political leader might hold a strong ethos in the eyes of his constituents, and therefore his opinions on issues might convince his constituents to hold the same opinions whether or not they know anything about the issue. In contrast, the pathos appeal attempts to persuade an audience by targeting their emotions in attempt to gain their sympathy for the argument. An example of this appeal can be seen in TV commercials fundraising money for impoverished children. The final appeal, the logos, attempts to persuade an audience using logic and good reasoning. The logos appeal argues its point by using a common ground that both the audience and the arguer can agree on. From these three appeals, I felt that King uses the logos appeal most effectively in his Letter From Birmingham Jail because it is used most frequently by King, because the logic and evidence behind the arguments makes it more persuasive, and because it directly criticizes the points the clergymen made in their Public Statement. First, I feel the logos appeal is used most effectively because King uses it most frequently in the Letter. Most of the arguments King makes use an intellectual understanding to prove them, which is the logos appeal. The logos appeals appear in most of the main points of the Letter such as: the idea of obeying just laws and unjust laws (15), why the Negroes had to demonstrate (6), how the untimely charge is invalid (26), and the disappointments in the white moderate and in the white church (23). This evidence shows that the logos appeals appear in almost every argument King makes unlike the pathos or ethos appeal which are only used in a few. King proves most of his points using the logos appeals, so accordingly the logos appeal has the most effect on me. This is one reason why I am compelled to say that the logos appeal is used more strongly than the other appeals. .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3 , .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3 .postImageUrl , .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3 , .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3:hover , .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3:visited , .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3:active { border:0!important; } .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3:active , .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3 .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4af965383c33478ea850acb0f43c39b3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Concept Of Species Essay In addition, I feel the evidence and logic behind the logos appeals are more persuasive than the other appeals. When King discusses the obeying of just laws and the disobeying unjust laws, he does so logically with evidence that both King and the clergymen can agree on. A just law is a man-made code that squares with the moral law or the law of .